Briefly Describe The Classification of CNC Lathe Machines

CNC lathe is a type of machine tool that uses CNC technology to control the lathe for machining. According to different classification standards, CNC lathes can be classified into various types. This article will classify CNC lathes from different perspectives and provide a brief introduction.

1. Classification by processing method:

CNC lathes can be divided into two types based on their processing methods: turning CNC lathes and turning milling composite CNC lathes.

Turning CNC lathes are mainly used for turning workpieces and can achieve various turning operations, such as outer circles, inner circles, end faces, threads, etc. On the basis of retaining the turning function, the turning milling composite CNC lathe also has the milling function, which can process complex shapes.

2. Classified by bed structure:

CNC lathes can be divided into flat CNC lathes and vertical CNC lathes based on their different bed structures.

A flat CNC lathe refers to the machining of workpieces on a horizontal plane, mainly used for machining flat surfaces, holes, grooves, etc. The spindle of a vertical CNC lathe is perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece and is suitable for processing cylindrical workpieces.

3. Classified by spindle structure:

CNC lathes can be divided into single spindle CNC lathes and multi spindle CNC lathes based on their different spindle structures.

A single spindle CNC lathe has only one spindle and is suitable for processing individual workpieces. A multi spindle CNC lathe has two or more spindles, which can simultaneously process multiple workpieces and improve machining efficiency.

4. According to the classification of CNC systems:

According to the different CNC systems used, CNC lathes can be divided into servo controlled CNC lathes and stepper controlled CNC lathes.

Servo controlled CNC lathes use servo motors to control the movement of the spindle and feed axis, which have the characteristics of high precision and high speed. The stepper controlled CNC lathe uses a stepper motor to control the motion, which has lower accuracy and speed compared to servo control systems.

5. Classification based on machining accuracy:

CNC lathes can be divided into high-precision CNC lathes and ordinary CNC lathes according to their different machining accuracy requirements.

High precision CNC lathes have high machining accuracy and stability, making them suitable for machining workpieces with high precision requirements. Ordinary CNC lathes are suitable for machining workpieces with relatively low precision requirements.

6. Classify according to the shape of the workpiece:

CNC lathes can be divided into shaft type CNC lathes and surface type CNC lathes based on the shape of the workpiece they process.

Axis type CNC lathes are mainly used for machining axis type workpieces, such as shafts, rods, etc. Surface type CNC lathes are mainly used for machining surface type workpieces, such as planes, holes, etc.

7. Classified by control method:

CNC lathes can be divided into closed-loop control CNC lathes and open-loop control CNC lathes according to their different control methods.

Closed loop control of CNC lathes utilizes feedback signals to achieve closed-loop control of motion, enabling real-time adjustment of motion parameters and improving machining accuracy and stability. Open loop control of CNC lathes lacks feedback control and can only move based on set parameters, resulting in relatively low accuracy and stability.

The above is a brief introduction to several classification methods of CNC lathes. Different types of CNC lathes are suitable for different machining needs, and selecting the appropriate CNC lathe can improve machining efficiency and quality. With the continuous development of technology, CNC lathes will become more intelligent and efficient, making greater contributions to the development of the manufacturing industry.